{"id":178,"date":"2026-06-04T15:59:39","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T18:59:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/?post_type=docs&#038;p=178"},"modified":"2026-06-04T16:00:03","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T19:00:03","password":"","slug":"como-funciona-uma-olt-gpon","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/?docs=como-funciona-uma-olt-gpon","title":{"rendered":"Como Funciona uma OLT GPON"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que \u00e9 uma OLT?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">OLT significa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Optical Line Terminal\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT \u00e9 o equipamento central da rede GPON.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ela \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel por distribuir internet, telefonia e outros servi\u00e7os para centenas ou milhares de clientes atrav\u00e9s da fibra \u00f3ptica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pode ser considerada o &#8220;c\u00e9rebro&#8221; da rede GPON.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Onde a OLT Fica?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Normalmente a OLT fica instalada em:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>POPs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data Centers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centrais do Provedor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Internet\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nRoteador Borda\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nOLT\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nRede \u00d3ptica\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nClientes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que \u00e9 GPON?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GPON significa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Gigabit Passive Optical Network\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9 uma tecnologia que permite que uma \u00fanica fibra \u00f3ptica seja compartilhada entre diversos clientes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Estrutura B\u00e1sica de uma Rede GPON<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Internet\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nRoteador de Borda\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nOLT\n    \u2502\n    \u25bc\nSplitter \u00d3ptico\n    \u2502\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2510\n \u25bc  \u25bc  \u25bc  \u25bc  \u25bc\nONU ONU ONU ONU ONU\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Componentes da Rede GPON<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OLT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Equipamento principal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fun\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Autenticar ONUs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Entregar internet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Entregar VoIP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gerenciar VLANs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Controlar a rede GPON<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Splitter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Equipamento passivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fun\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dividir uma \u00fanica fibra \u00f3ptica em v\u00e1rias sa\u00eddas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>1 Fibra\n   \u2502\nSplitter 1:8\n   \u2502\n8 Clientes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ou<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>1 Fibra\n   \u2502\nSplitter 1:16\n   \u2502\n16 Clientes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ONU \/ ONT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Equipamento instalado na casa do cliente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fun\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Receber sinal \u00f3ptico<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Converter para Ethernet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distribuir Wi-Fi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Entregar Telefonia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Huawei EG8145X6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Huawei EG8041X6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zyxel PX3321<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Intelbras ONT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como a OLT Identifica Cada Cliente?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cada ONU possui um identificador \u00fanico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SN (Serial Number)\n\nLOID\n\nSenha GPON\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quando a ONU \u00e9 conectada na rede:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ONU\n \u2193\nSolicita acesso\n \u2193\nOLT valida\n \u2193\nONU autorizada\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Somente ap\u00f3s a autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o o cliente recebe acesso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que \u00e9 uma PON?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PON significa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Passive Optical Network\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cada porta da OLT \u00e9 chamada de PON.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>GPON 0\/1\/0\n\nGPON 0\/1\/1\n\nGPON 0\/1\/2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cada porta atende diversos clientes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exemplo de Capacidade<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uma \u00fanica porta GPON normalmente possui:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Downstream:\n2.5 Gbps\n\nUpstream:\n1.25 Gbps\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Essa capacidade \u00e9 compartilhada entre os clientes conectados naquela PON.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que \u00e9 DBA?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DBA significa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT distribui a banda entre os clientes conforme a necessidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cliente A utilizando:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>50 Mbps\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cliente B utilizando:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>300 Mbps\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cliente C sem utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT gerencia automaticamente essa distribui\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que a OLT Controla?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pot\u00eancia \u00d3ptica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT monitora:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>RX\nTX\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">de cada ONU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VLANs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Define:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Internet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VoIP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPTV<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gerenciamento<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perfis de Velocidade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>300 Mega\n\n600 Mega\n\n1 Giga\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Provisionamento<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Permite cadastrar novas ONUs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Problemas Mais Comuns<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ONU Offline<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poss\u00edveis causas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fibra rompida (LED LOS &#8211; VERMELHO)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conector sujo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ONU desligada<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pot\u00eancia fora do padr\u00e3o<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ONU N\u00e3o Autoriza<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poss\u00edveis causas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Serial incorreto &#8211; VALIDO PARA AUTORIZAR ONU DIRETO NA OLT<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LOID incorreto<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ONU n\u00e3o provisionada<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lentid\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poss\u00edveis causas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Satura\u00e7\u00e3o da PON<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problema de VLAN<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problema no cliente<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wi-Fi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Analogia Simples<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imagine uma caixa d&#8217;\u00e1gua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT \u00e9 a caixa principal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os splitters s\u00e3o os canos que distribuem a \u00e1gua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As ONUs s\u00e3o as torneiras instaladas nas casas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A \u00e1gua seria a internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A OLT controla quanto &#8220;fluxo&#8221; cada cliente recebe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Resumo<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OLT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Equipamento central da rede GPON.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Splitter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Divide o sinal \u00f3ptico.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ONU<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Equipamento do cliente.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">GPON<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Tecnologia que permite compartilhar uma fibra entre v\u00e1rios clientes.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fun\u00e7\u00e3o Principal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Entregar internet, voz e gerenciamento para os clientes.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Revis\u00e3o do Documento<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vers\u00e3o: 1.0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Respons\u00e1vel: Equipe T\u00e9cnica UPFIBRA<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O que \u00e9 uma OLT? OLT significa: A OLT \u00e9 o equipamento central da rede GPON. Ela \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel por [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"doc_category":[16],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-178","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry","doc_category-olts"],"year_month":"2026-06","word_count":509,"total_views":0,"reactions":{"happy":0,"normal":0,"sad":0},"author_info":{"name":"Henrri","author_nicename":"henrri","author_url":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/?author=3"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"OLTs","term_url":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/?doc_category=olts"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/docs\/178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=178"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/docs\/178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/docs\/178\/revisions\/179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fdoc_category&post=178"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.upi.net.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fdoc_tag&post=178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}